1. Ihe atụ ngwa
1) Splicing osisi
N'afọ ndị 1960, Toyota Motor Company buru ụzọ nweta teknụzụ oghere akwa akwa akwa akwa. Ọ bụ ijikọ abụọ ma ọ bụ karịa ibé akwụkwọ ọnụ site ịgbado ọkụ na mgbe ahụ stampụ ha. Ibé akwụkwọ ndị a nwere ike inwe ọkpụrụkpụ, ihe na akụrụngwa dị iche iche. N'ihi ihe a na-achọwanye elu maka ịrụ ọrụ ụgbọ ala yana ọrụ dịka nchekwa ike, nchekwa gburugburu ebe obibi, nchekwa ịnya ụgbọ ala, wdg, teknụzụ ịkwa akwa akwa adọtala nlebara anya karịa. Efere ịgbado ọkụ nwere ike iji ntụpọ ịgbado ọkụ, flash butt ịgbado ọkụ,ịgbado ọkụ laser, hydrogen arc ịgbado ọkụ, wdg Ugbu a,ịgbado ọkụ lasera na-ejikarị eme nchọpụta na mba ofesi na mmepụta nke akwa akwa akwa akwa akwa.
Site n'ịtụle nsonaazụ nyocha na ngụkọ, nsonaazụ dị na nkwekọrịta dị mma, na-achọpụta izi ezi nke ụdị isi iyi ọkụ. A gbakọọ obosara nke eriri weld n'okpuru usoro usoro dị iche iche wee jiri nwayọọ nwayọọ kwalite ya. N'ikpeazụ, a nakweere ike ọkụ ọkụ nke 2: 1, a na-ahazi oghere abụọ ahụ n'otu n'otu, nnukwu ike ọkụ dị n'etiti etiti weld seam, na obere ọkụ ọkụ dị na nnukwu efere. Ọ nwere ike belata weld obosara nke ọma. Mgbe ogwe abụọ ahụ dị ogo 45 site na ibe ha. Mgbe a haziri ya, ogwe osisi ahụ na-arụ ọrụ n'efere siri ike yana efere dị mkpa n'otu n'otu. N'ihi mbelata nke ọkụ ọkụ ọkụ ọkụ dị irè, obosara weld na-ebelatakwa.
2) Aluminom ígwè dissimilar ọla
Ọmụmụ ihe dị ugbu a na-ewepụta nkwubi okwu ndị a: (1) Dị ka ike ọkụ ọkụ na-abawanye, ọkpụrụkpụ nke intermetallic compound n'otu ọnọdụ nke weld / aluminum alloy interface ji nwayọọ nwayọọ na-ebelata, nkesa na-adịkwa mgbe niile. Mgbe RS = 2, ọkpụrụkpụ nke interface IMC oyi akwa dị n'etiti 5-10 microns. Ogologo kachasị nke " agịga-dị ka" IMC efu dị n'etiti micron 23. Mgbe RS = 0.67, ọkpụrụkpụ nke interface IMC oyi akwa dị n'okpuru 5 microns, na kacha ogologo nke free " agịga-dị ka "IMC bụ 5.6 microns. A na-ebelata ọkpụrụkpụ nke ogige intermetallic nke ukwuu.
(2)Mgbe a na-eji laser abụọ-beam laser eme ihe maka ịgbado ọkụ, IMC na weld/aluminom alloy interface na-abụkarị oge. Okpokoro oyi akwa IMC na weld/aluminium alloy interface dị nso na nchara / aluminom alloy interface interface dị oke, yana oke nke 23.7 microns. . Ka ike ọkụ ọkụ na-abawanye, mgbe RS = 1.50, ọkpụrụkpụ nke oyi akwa IMC na weld / aluminom alloy interface ka dị ukwuu karịa ọkpụrụkpụ nke intermetallic compound na otu mpaghara nke serial dual beam.
3. Aluminom-lithium alloy T-emekọrịta ihe
Banyere ihe eji arụ ọrụ nke laser welded nkwonkwo nke 2A97 aluminum alloy, ndị nyocha nyochara microhardness, ihe nrụnye na ike ike ọgwụgwụ. Nsonaazụ ule na-egosi na: mpaghara weld nke nkwonkwo laser welded nke 2A97-T3/T4 aluminum alloy na-eme ka ọ dị nro nke ukwuu. Ọnụ ọgụgụ nke ọnụ ọgụgụ dị gburugburu 0.6, nke metụtara mgbasa ozi na ihe isi ike na-esote na ọdịda nke usoro ike ike; ọnụọgụ ike nke 2A97-T4 aluminum alloy nkwonkwo welded site IPGYLR-6000 fiber laser nwere ike iru 0.8, ma plasticity dị ala, mgbe IPGYLS-4000 eriri.ịgbado ọkụ laserỌnụ ọgụgụ ike nke laser welded 2A97-T3 aluminum alloy nkwonkwo bụ ihe dịka 0.6; ntụpọ pore bụ mmalite nke ike ọgwụgwụ na 2A97-T3 aluminum alloy laser welded nkwonkwo.
Na ọnọdụ mmekọrịta, dị ka ụdị kristal dị iche iche si dị, FZ bụ kristal kọlụm na kristal equiaxed mejupụtara. Kristal kọlụm nwere nghazi ntozu nke EQZ epitaxial, na ntụzịaka uto ha na-adaba n'ahịrị ngwakọta. Nke a bụ n'ihi na elu nke ọka EQZ bụ ihe nucleation nke dị njikere, na ikpo ọkụ na-ekpo ọkụ na ntụziaka a bụ nke kachasị ngwa ngwa. Ya mere, axis crystallographic bụ isi nke ahịrị njikọ kwụ ọtọ na-eto nke ọma ma na-amachi akụkụ ya. Ka kristal kọlụm na-eto n'etiti etiti weld, ọdịdị ọdịdị ọdịdị ahụ na-agbanwe ma na-etolite dendrites columnar. N'etiti etiti nke weld, okpomọkụ nke ọdọ mmiri a wụrụ awụ dị elu, okpomọkụ na-ekpo ọkụ na-ekpo ọkụ bụ otu ihe ahụ n'akụkụ niile, na ọka na-eto eto n'otu n'otu n'akụkụ niile, na-eme dendrites equiaxed. Mgbe axis crystallographic bụ isi nke dendrites equiaxed bụ kpọmkwem tangent na ụgbọ elu ihe atụ, a pụrụ ịhụ ọka ndị doro anya dị ka ifuru na oge metallographic. Ke adianade do, emetụta supercooling nke mpaghara mmiri na weld mpaghara, equiaxed ezi-grained ìgwè na-emekarị na-apụta na welded onuete mpaghara nke synchronous mode T ekara nkwonkwo, na ọka morphology na equiaxed ezi-grained gbalaga dị iche na si. morphology ọka nke EQZ. Otu ọdịdị. N'ihi na usoro ikpo ọkụ nke ọnọdụ dị iche iche TSTB-LW dị iche na nke synchronous mode TSTB-LW, e nwere ndị doro anya dị iche na macromorphology na microstructure morphology. Ọnọdụ dị iche iche nke ụdị TSTB-LW T enweela okirikiri okpomọkụ abụọ, na-egosi njirimara ọdọ mmiri gbazere okpukpu abụọ. Enwere ahịrị ngwakọta nke abụọ pụtara ìhè n'ime weld ahụ, ọdọ mmiri a wụrụ awụ nke welding conduction kpụrụ dị obere. N'ime usoro TSTB-LW dị iche iche, a na-emetụta usoro ịgbado ọkụ na-ekpo ọkụ nke ikuku penetration. The columnar dendrites na equiaxed dendrites nso nso nke abụọ fusion akara nwere ole na ole subgrain ókè na-agbanwe n'ime columnar ma ọ bụ kristal cellular, na-egosi na usoro kpo oku nke thermal conductivity welding nwere mmetụta ọgwụgwọ okpomọkụ na miri ntinye welds. Na nha ọka nke dendrites dị n'etiti etiti weld na-eduzi thermally bụ 2-5 microns, nke dị ntakịrị karịa nha nke dendrites dị n'etiti etiti ntinye miri emi (5-10 microns). Nke a na-emetụtakarị na ikpo ọkụ kachasị nke welds n'akụkụ abụọ. Okpomọkụ metụtara ọnụego jụrụ oyi na-esote.
3) Ụkpụrụ nke ịgbado ọkụ nke abụọ-beam laser powder cladding
4)Ike nkwonkwo solder dị elu
N'ime nnwale ịgbado ọkụ laser okpukpu abụọ, ebe ọ bụ na a na-ekesa ihie laser abụọ n'akụkụ n'akụkụ abụọ nke waya àkwà mmiri, oke nke laser na mkpụrụ ahụ buru ibu karịa nke otu-beam laser powder deposition ịgbado ọkụ, na n'ihi solder nkwonkwo bụ vetikal na akwa waya. Ntuziaka waya dịtụ elongated. Ọnụọgụ 3.6 na-egosi nkwonkwo ndị na-ere ahịa nwetara site na otu-beam na abụọ-beam laser powder deposition welding. N'oge usoro ịgbado ọkụ, ma ọ bụ okpukpu abụọịgbado ọkụ laserusoro ma ọ bụ otu osisiịgbado ọkụ laserusoro, a ụfọdụ a wụrụ awụ ọdọ mmiri na-guzobere na isi ihe site okpomọkụ conduction. N'ụzọ dị otú a, ihe mgbawa isi ihe metal a wụrụ awụ na ọdọ mmiri a wụrụ awụ nwere ike ime a metallurgical njikọ na wụrụ awụ onwe fluxing alloy ntụ ntụ, si otú ọbọ ịgbado ọkụ. Mgbe ị na-eji laser dual-beam maka ịgbado ọkụ, mmekọrịta dị n'etiti eriri laser na ihe ndabere bụ mmekọrịta dị n'etiti mpaghara ihe omume nke ogwe laser abụọ ahụ, ya bụ, mmekọrịta dị n'etiti ọdọ mmiri abụọ a wụrụ awụ nke laser mere na ihe ahụ. . N'ụzọ dị otú a, njikọ ọhụrụ na-esi na ya pụta Mpaghara dị ukwuu karịa nke otu-beamịgbado ọkụ laser, ya mere nkwonkwo solder nwetara site na okpukpu abụọịgbado ọkụ laserdị ike karịa otu dooịgbado ọkụ laser.
2. High solderability na repeatability
N'ime otu osisiịgbado ọkụ lasernnwale, ebe etiti ebe lekwasịrị anya nke laser na-arụ ọrụ ozugbo na waya micro-bridge, waya akwa nwere nnukwu ihe achọrọ makaịgbado ọkụ laserusoro parameters, dị ka uneven laser ike njupụta nkesa na-ekwekọghị ekwekọ alloy ntụ ntụ ọkpụrụkpụ. Nke a ga-eduga n'itiji waya n'oge usoro ịgbado ọkụ na ọbụna mee ka waya akwa mmiri na-ekpo ọkụ ozugbo. N'ime usoro ịgbado ọkụ laser okpukpu abụọ, ebe ọ bụ na ebe a na-elekwasị anya na ebe mgbanaka laser abụọ anaghị arụ ọrụ ozugbo na eriri micro-àkwà mmiri, ihe siri ike chọrọ maka usoro ịgbado ọkụ laser nke eriri akwa na-ebelata, na weldability na repeatability na-ukwuu mma. .
Oge nzipu: Ọktoba 17-2023
