Laser mgbakwunye n'ichepụta teknụzụ (AM) technology, na ya uru nke elu n'ichepụta izi ezi, ike mgbanwe, na elu ogo nke akpaaka, na-ọtụtụ ebe na-eji n'ichepụta nke isi components na ubi ndị dị ka ụgbọala, ọgwụ, aerospace, wdg (dị ka rọketi). mmanụ ụgbọala nozzles, satịlaịtị antenna brackets, mmadụ implants, wdg). Nkà na ụzụ a nwere ike imeziwanye arụmọrụ nchikota nke akụkụ ndị e biri ebi site n'ichepụta ihe nhazi na arụmọrụ. Ka ọ dị ugbu a, teknụzụ mgbakwunye laser n'ozuzu na-anabata oghere Gaussian gbadoro anya na nkesa ike dị elu na etiti dị ala. Otú ọ dị, ọ na-emepụtakarị gradients dị elu na-ekpo ọkụ na agbaze, na-eduga n'ịmepụta pores na ọka na-enweghị isi. Nkà na ụzụ ịkpụzi Beam bụ ụzọ ọhụrụ iji dozie nsogbu a, nke na-eme ka ọrụ obibi akwụkwọ dịkwuo mma na ịdị mma site n'ịgbanwe nkesa nke ike ọkụ laser.
Tụnyere na mwepu omenala na nhata n'ichepụta, metal mgbakwunye technology nwere uru dị ka obere n'ichepụta okirikiri oge, elu nhazi ziri ezi, elu ihe itinye n'ọrụ ọnụego, na ezi n'ozuzu arụmọrụ nke akụkụ. Ya mere, a na-eji teknụzụ na-emepụta ihe mgbakwunye ígwè eme ihe n'ọtụtụ ebe na ụlọ ọrụ dịka ikuku ikuku, ngwa agha na akụrụngwa, ike nuklia, biopharmaceuticals, na ụgbọala. Dabere na ụkpụrụ nke discrete stacking, metal mmako n'ichepụta utilizes ike isi iyi (dị ka laser, arc, ma ọ bụ electron doo) agbaze na ntụ ntụ ma ọ bụ waya, na mgbe ahụ na-akwakọba ha oyi akwa site oyi akwa na-arụpụta iche akụrụngwa. Teknụzụ a nwere uru dị ukwuu n'imepụta obere batches, ihe owuwu dị mgbagwoju anya, ma ọ bụ akụkụ ahaziri iche. Ihe na-enweghị ike ịbụ ma ọ bụ siri ike ịhazi site na iji usoro ọdịnala dịkwa mma maka nkwadebe site na iji ụzọ mmepụta ihe mgbakwunye. N'ihi uru ndị a dị n'elu, teknụzụ mmepụta ihe mgbakwunye adọtala nlebara anya zuru ebe niile site n'aka ndị ọkà mmụta ma n'ime ụlọ ma na mba ụwa. N'ime iri afọ ole na ole gara aga, teknụzụ mmepụta ihe mgbakwunye emewo ọganihu ngwa ngwa. N'ihi na akpaaka na mgbanwe nke Laser mmako n'ichepụta akụrụngwa, yana keukwu uru nke elu laser ike njupụta na elu nhazi ziri ezi, laser mmako n'ichepụta technology emepụtala kasị ọsọ n'etiti atọ metal mmako n'ichepụta teknụzụ kwuru n'elu.
Enwere ike kewaa teknụzụ mmepụta ihe mgbakwunye igwe laser n'ime LPBF na DED. Ọgụgụ 1 na-egosi eserese schematic nke usoro LPBF na DED. Usoro LPBF, nke a makwaara dị ka Selective Laser Melting (SLM), nwere ike rụpụta ihe igwe dị mgbagwoju anya site n'inyocha oghere laser ike dị elu n'akụkụ ụzọ edoziri n'elu akwa ntụ ntụ. Mgbe ahụ, ntụ ntụ na-agbaze ma mee ka oyi akwa sie ike site na oyi akwa. Usoro DED na-agụnye usoro obibi akwụkwọ abụọ: ntinye agbaze laser na ntinye nri waya laser. Teknụzụ abụọ a nwere ike rụpụta ma rụkwaa akụkụ igwe ozugbo site n'iji ntụ ntụ ma ọ bụ waya na-eri nri. Tụnyere LPBF, DED nwere nrụpụta dị elu yana mpaghara nrụpụta buru ibu. Tụkwasị na nke a, usoro a nwekwara ike ịkwado ihe mgbagwoju anya na ihe ndị na-arụ ọrụ nke ọma. Agbanyeghị, ogo elu nke akụkụ nke DED bipụtara na-adịchaghị mma mgbe niile, yana nhazi na-esote ga-adị mkpa iji melite nha nha nke akụkụ ebumnuche.
N'ime usoro mmepụta ihe mgbakwunye laser ugbu a, oghere Gaussian na-elekwasị anya na-abụkarị isi iyi ike. Otú ọ dị, n'ihi ikesa ike pụrụ iche (nnukwu etiti, ọnụ ala dị ala), ọ ga-abụ na ọ ga-eme ka gradients dị elu na-adịghị ike nke ọdọ mmiri gbazee. N'ihi ogbenye akpụ àgwà nke e biri ebi akụkụ. Tụkwasị na nke ahụ, ọ bụrụ na etiti etiti ọdọ mmiri a wụrụ awụ dị oke elu, ọ ga-eme ka ihe ndị na-agbaze dị ala na-agbaze, na-eme ka ọ dịkwuo njọ nke usoro LBPF. Ya mere, site na mmụba nke porosity, ihe ndị na-arụ ọrụ na ike ọgwụgwụ nke akụkụ ndị e biri ebi na-ebelata nke ukwuu. Nkesa ike na-enweghị isi nke ogwe osisi Gaussian na-edugakwa na nrụpụta ike laser dị ala yana mkpofu ike dị ukwuu. Iji nweta mma obibi akwụkwọ ka mma, ndị ọkà mmụta amalitela ịchọpụta nkwụghachi ụgwọ maka ntụpọ nke oghere Gaussian site n'ịgbanwe usoro usoro dị ka ike laser, ọsọ nyocha, ọkpụrụkpụ oyi akwa, na usoro nyocha, iji chịkwaa ohere nke ntinye ike. N'ihi mpio nhazi dị warara nke usoro a, oke anụ ahụ na-egbochi ohere nke nkwalite ọzọ. Dịka ọmụmaatụ, ịba ụba ike laser na ọsọ nyocha nwere ike nweta nrụpụta nrụpụta dị elu, mana ọ na-abịakarị na ọnụ ahịa ibipụta akwụkwọ. N'ime afọ ndị na-adịbeghị anya, na-agbanwe ike laser ike nkesa site doo ịkpụ azum nwere ike budata mma n'ichepụta arụmọrụ na-ebi akwụkwọ àgwà, nke nwere ike ịghọ ọdịnihu mmepe direction nke laser mmako n'ichepụta technology. Nkà na ụzụ ịkpụzi beam n'ozuzu na-ezo aka n'ịhazi nkesa n'ihu ebili mmiri nke eriri ntinye iji nweta nkesa ike na njirimara mgbasa nke achọrọ. Ngwa nke teknụzụ ịkpụzi beam na teknụzụ mgbakwunye igwe ka egosiri na eserese 2.
Ngwa nke teknụzụ na-akpụzi osisi na n'ichepụta ihe mgbakwunye laser
Mmejọ nke omenala Gaussian beam obibi akwụkwọ
N'ime teknụzụ mmepụta ihe mgbakwunye igwe laser, ikesa ike nke eriri laser nwere mmetụta dị ukwuu n'ịdị mma nke akụkụ ndị e biri ebi. Ọ bụ ezie na Gaussian ibé e ọtụtụ-eji na metal Laser mmako n'ichepụta akụrụngwa, ha na-ata ahụhụ si oké njọ drawbacks dị ka ejighị n'aka na-ebi akwụkwọ àgwà, ala ike itinye n'ọrụ, na warara usoro windo na mmako n'ichepụta usoro. N'ime ha, usoro mgbaze nke ntụ ntụ na ike nke ọdọ mmiri a wụrụ awụ n'oge usoro mgbakwunye laser metal na-ejikọta ya na ọkpụrụkpụ nke oyi akwa ntụ ntụ. N'ihi ọnụnọ nke ntụ ntụ na-efesa na mpaghara mbuze, n'ezie ọkpụrụkpụ nke oyi akwa ntụ ntụ dị elu karịa atụmanya echiche. Nke abuo, kọlụm uzuoku butere nnukwu ụgbọ elu azụ azụ. Uzuzu ọla na-adaba na mgbidi azụ ka ọ na-akpụpụta splashes, nke a na-efesa n'akụkụ mgbidi dị n'ihu n'akụkụ ebe concave nke ọdọ mmiri a wụrụ awụ (dị ka egosiri na foto 3). N'ihi mmekọrịta dị mgbagwoju anya dị n'etiti oghere laser na splashes, mkpọsa ndị ahụ a chụpụrụ nwere ike imetụta ịdịmma mbipụta nke ọkwa ntụ ntụ na-esote. Ke adianade do, e guzobere keyholes na agbaze ọdọ mmiri na-emetụtakwa àgwà nke e biri ebi akụkụ. A na-ebute pores dị n'ime nke ibe a na-ebipụta site na oghere mkpọchi anaghị akwụsi ike.
Usoro nhazi nke ntụpọ na teknụzụ nhazi osisi
Nkà na ụzụ ịkpụzi Beam nwere ike nweta nkwalite arụmọrụ n'ọtụtụ akụkụ n'otu oge, nke dị iche na beams Gaussian na-eme ka arụmọrụ dị n'otu akụkụ na ọnụ ahịa nke ịchụ àjà ndị ọzọ. Nkà na ụzụ ịkpụzi Beam nwere ike gbanwee nkesa okpomọkụ na njirimara eruba nke ọdọ mmiri gbazee. Site n'ịchịkwa ikesa ike laser, a na-enweta ọdọ mmiri a wụrụ awụ kwụsiri ike nke nwere obere gradient okpomọkụ. Kwesịrị ekwesị ike nkesa laser bara uru maka igbochi porosity na sputtering ntụpọ, na melite àgwà nke laser obibi na metal akụkụ. Ọ nwere ike nweta nkwalite dị iche iche na mmepụta mmepụta na iji ntụ ntụ. N'otu oge ahụ, teknụzụ ịkpụzi osisi na-enye anyị ọtụtụ atụmatụ nhazi, na-atọhapụ nnwere onwe nke imepụta usoro, nke bụ ọganihu mgbanwe na teknụzụ mmepụta ihe mgbakwunye laser.
Oge nzipu: Feb-28-2024
