1. Nchịkọta ụlọ ọrụ laser
(1) Okwu Mmalite nke Laser
Laser (Mmụba ọkụ site na mkpali nke Radiation, nke a na-akpọ LASER) bụ ọkụ nwere njikọ, monochromatic, nke nwere njikọ, nke a na-ahụ anya, nke a na-emepụta site na mmụba nke radieshon ọkụ na ugboro dị warara site na resonance na radieshon a na-akpali akpali.
Teknụzụ laser malitere na mbido afọ 1960, n'ihi ọdịdị ya dị iche na nke nkịtị, n'oge na-adịghị anya, e jiri laser mee ihe n'ọtụtụ ebe ma metụta mmepe na mgbanwe nke sayensị, teknụzụ, akụ na ụba na ọha mmadụ nke ukwuu.
Mmalite nke laser agbanweela ihu nke optics ochie nke ukwuu, na-agbasa physics optical ochie ka ọ bụrụ usoro ọhụrụ dị elu nke gụnyere ma optics oge ochie na photonics nke oge a, na-enye aka na mmepe nke akụ na ụba mmadụ na ọha mmadụ. Nnyocha physics laser enyela aka na mmepe nke ngalaba abụọ dị mkpa nke photonic physics nke oge a: ike photonics na information photonics. Ọ na-ekpuchi optics na-abụghị ahịrị, quantum optics, quantum computing, laser sensing and communication, laser plasma physics, laser kemistri, laser bayọlọji, laser medicine, ultra-precise laser spectroscopy and metrology, laser atomic physics gụnyere laser cooling na Bose-Einstein condensed matter research, laser functional materials, laser manufacturing, laser micro-optoelectronic chip production, laser 3D printing na ihe karịrị 20 mba ụwa frontior frontier disciplines na teknooloji ngwa. E guzobere Ngalaba nke Laser Science and Technology (DSL) n'ebe ndị a.
N'ime ụlọ ọrụ mmepụta laser, ụwa abanyela n'oge "mmepụta ọkụ", dịka ọnụ ọgụgụ ụlọ ọrụ laser mba ụwa si kwuo, 50% nke GDP kwa afọ nke United States1 metụtara mmụba ngwa ngwa nke ngwa laser dị elu. Ọtụtụ mba mepere emepe, nke United States, Germany na Japan nọchitere anya, emechaala mgbanwe nke usoro ọdịnala na nhazi laser na nnukwu ụlọ ọrụ mmepụta dịka ụgbọ ala na ụgbọelu. Laser na mmepụta ụlọ ọrụ mmepụta egosila nnukwu ikike maka ngwa nrụpụta dị ọnụ ala, dị elu, dị elu na nke pụrụ iche nke enweghị ike iru site na nrụpụta ọdịnala, ọ ghọwokwa ihe dị mkpa maka asọmpi na ihe ọhụrụ n'etiti mba ụlọ ọrụ mmepụta ihe ukwu n'ụwa. Mba dị iche iche na-akwado teknụzụ laser dị ka otu n'ime teknụzụ kachasị mkpa ha ma mepụta atụmatụ mmepe ụlọ ọrụ laser mba.
(2)LaserIsi mmalite Principle
Laser bụ ngwaọrụ nke na-eji radieshon a na-akpali akpali emepụta ìhè a na-ahụ anya ma ọ bụ nke a na-adịghị ahụ anya, yana nhazi dị mgbagwoju anya na ihe mgbochi teknụzụ dị elu. Sistemụ anya bụ isi iyi mgbapụta (isi iyi mkpali), gain medium (ihe na-arụ ọrụ) na resonant cave na ihe ndị ọzọ e ji ngwaọrụ anya mee. Gain medium bụ isi iyi mmepụta photon, site n'ịnara ike nke isi iyi mgbapụta na-emepụta, gain medium na-awụlikwa elu site na ala gaa na obi ụtọ. Ebe ọ bụ na obi ụtọ adịghị akwụsi ike, n'oge a, gain medium ga-ewepụta ike iji laghachi na ọnọdụ ala kwụsiri ike. N'usoro ntọhapụ ike a, gain medium na-emepụta photons, photons ndị a nwekwara oke nguzozi ike, ogologo na ntụziaka, ha na-egosipụta mgbe niile na oghere resonant optical, mmegharị reciprocal, ka ha wee na-amụbawanye mgbe niile, ma mechaa wepụta laser site na reflector iji mepụta ọkụ laser. Dịka sistemụ anya isi nke akụrụngwa njedebe, arụmọrụ nke laser na-ekpebikarị àgwà na ike nke ọkụ mmepụta nke akụrụngwa laser, bụ isi ihe dị na akụrụngwa laser njedebe.
Isi iyi mgbapụta (isi iyi mkpali) na-enye mkpali ike nye ihe na-enye ohere inweta ike. Ihe na-enye ohere inweta ike iji mepụta ma mee ka laser ahụ dịkwuo mma. Oghere ụda bụ ebe a na-achịkwa njirimara foton (ugboro, oge na ntụziaka ọrụ) iji nweta isi iyi ìhè mmepụta dị elu site na ijikwa oscillations photon n'ime oghere ahụ. Isi iyi mgbapụta (isi iyi mkpali) na-enye mkpali ike maka ihe na-enye ohere inweta ike. Ihe na-enye ohere inweta ike iji mepụta photon iji mepụta ma mee ka laser ahụ dịkwuo mma. Oghere ụda bụ ebe a na-agbanwe njirimara photon (ugboro, oge na ntụziaka ọrụ) iji nweta isi iyi ìhè mmepụta dị elu site na ijikwa oscillations photon n'ime oghere ahụ.
(3)Nhazi nke Isi Iyi Laser
Enwere ike kewaa isi iyi laser dabere na usoro gain, ogologo oge mmepụta, ọnọdụ ọrụ, na ọnọdụ mgbapụta, dịka ndị a
① Nkewa site na uru
Dịka usoro mgbasa ozi uru dị iche iche si dị, enwere ike kewaa lasers n'ime ọnọdụ siri ike (gụnyere siri ike, semiconductor, eriri, ngwakọ), laser mmiri mmiri, laser gas, wdg.
| LaserIsi mmaliteỤdị | Nweta Mgbasa Ozi | Isi Atụmatụ |
| Isi iyi Laser Steeti siri ike | Ihe siri ike, Semiconductor, Fiber Optics, Ngwakọta | Ezigbo nkwụsi ike, ike dị elu, obere ụgwọ mmezi, dị mma maka mmepụta ihe |
| Isi Mmiri Laser | Mmiri kemịkalụ | Nhọrọ ogologo ebili mmiri kụrụ, mana nnukwu nha na ọnụ ahịa mmezi dị elu |
| Isi Iyi Gas Laser | Gas | Isi iyi ọkụ laser dị elu, mana nha buru ibu na ọnụ ahịa mmezi dị elu |
| Isi iyi Laser Electron efu | Ìhè elektrọn dị n'ọhịa magnetik kpọmkwem | Enwere ike nweta ike dị elu na mmepụta laser dị elu, mana teknụzụ mmepụta na ọnụ ahịa mmepụta dị oke elu |
N'ihi nkwụsi ike dị mma, ike dị elu na obere ọnụ ahịa mmezi, ojiji nke laser siri ike na-erite uru zuru oke.
N'etiti laser siri ike, laser semiconductor nwere uru dị ka arụmọrụ dị elu, obere nha, ogologo ndụ, obere oriri ike, wdg. N'otu aka, enwere ike itinye ha ozugbo dị ka isi iyi ọkụ na nkwado maka nhazi laser, ahụike, nkwukọrịta, mmetụta, ngosipụta, nlekota na ngwa nchekwa, ha aghọọla ntọala dị mkpa maka mmepe nke teknụzụ laser ọgbara ọhụrụ nwere mkpa mmepe atụmatụ.
N'aka nke ọzọ, enwere ike iji laser semiconductor dị ka isi iyi ọkụ na-amịpụta ihe maka laser ndị ọzọ dịka laser siri ike na laser eriri, nke na-akwalite ọganihu teknụzụ nke ubi laser dum. Mba niile mepere emepe n'ụwa etinyela ya na atụmatụ mmepe mba ha, na-enye nkwado siri ike ma na-enweta mmepe ngwa ngwa.
② Dịka usoro mgbapụta si dị
Enwere ike kewaa lasers n'ime lasers nke a na-agba ọkụ eletrik, nke a na-agba ọkụ n'anya, nke a na-agba ọkụ kemịkalụ, wdg. dịka usoro mgbapụta si dị.
Laser ndị a na-eji ọkụ eletrik arụ ọrụ na-ezo aka na laser ndị ọkụ eletrik na-akpali, laser gas na-akpalikarị site na mwepụta gas, ebe laser semiconductor na-akpalikarị site na ntinye ugbu a.
Ihe fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ laser steeti siri ike na laser mmiri mmiri niile bụ laser mgbapụta optical, a na-ejikwa laser semiconductor dị ka isi iyi mgbapụta isi maka laser mgbapụta optical.
Laser ndị e ji kemịkalụ kpụọ na-ezo aka na laser ndị na-eji ike sitere na mmeghachi omume kemịkalụ ewepụta iji kpalie ihe na-arụ ọrụ.
③Nhazi site na ụdị ọrụ
Enwere ike kewaa lasers n'ime laser na-aga n'ihu na laser pulsed dịka ụzọ ha si arụ ọrụ si dị.
Laser ndị na-aga n'ihu nwere nkesa kwụsiri ike nke ọnụọgụgụ ihe dị na ọkwa ike ọ bụla na mpaghara radieshon dị n'ime oghere ahụ, a na-ejikwa ọrụ ha eme ihe site na mkpali nke ihe na-arụ ọrụ na mmepụta laser kwekọrọ na ya n'ụzọ na-aga n'ihu ruo ogologo oge. Laser ndị na-aga n'ihu nwere ike ịpụta ìhè laser mgbe niile ruo ogologo oge, mana mmetụta okpomọkụ na-apụta ìhè karịa.
Laser ndị a na-akpọ pulsed na-ezo aka n'oge a na-ejigide ike laser na uru ụfọdụ, na-ewepụtakwa ìhè laser n'ụzọ na-adịghị akwụsị akwụsị, yana njirimara bụ isi nke obere mmetụta okpomọkụ na njikwa dị mma.
④ Nhazi site na ogologo oge mmepụta
Enwere ike kewaa laser dịka ogologo ebili mmiri si dị ka infrared laser, laser a na-ahụ anya, ultraviolet laser, ultraviolet laser miri emi, na ndị ọzọ. Oke ebili mmiri nke ìhè nke ihe dị iche iche ahaziri ahazi nwere ike ịmịkọrọ dị iche iche, yabụ a chọrọ laser nke ogologo ebili dị iche iche maka nhazi dị mma nke ihe dị iche iche ma ọ bụ maka ọnọdụ ojiji dị iche iche.Laser infrared na laser UV bụ laser abụọ a na-ejikarị eme ihe. A na-ejikarị laser infrared eme ihe na "nhazi okpomọkụ", ebe a na-ekpo ọkụ ma na-ekupụ ihe dị n'elu ihe ahụ (na-ekupụ) iji wepụ ihe ahụ; na ihe nkiri dị gịrịgịrị na-abụghị ọla, nhazi ihe semiconductor wafer, ịkpụ iko organic, igwu ala, akara na ubi ndị ọzọ, ike dị elu N'ọhịa nke ihe nkiri dị gịrịgịrị na-abụghị ọla, ịkpụ wafer semiconductor, ịkpụ iko organic, igwu ala, akara, wdg., foton UV dị elu na-agbaji njikọ molekul ozugbo n'elu ihe ndị na-abụghị ọla, ka e wee kewapụ molekul na ihe ahụ, usoro a anaghị eweta mmeghachi omume okpomọkụ dị elu, yabụ a na-akpọkarị ya "nhazi oyi".
N'ihi ike dị elu nke foton UV, ọ na-esiri ike ịmepụta laser UV na-aga n'ihu nke na-aga n'ihu site na isi mmalite mkpali mpụga, yabụ a na-emepụta laser UV site na iji usoro mgbanwe ugboro ugboro mmetụta kristal na-abụghị ahịrị, yabụ ubi ụlọ ọrụ mmepụta ihe nke laser UV nke a na-ejikarị eme ihe ugbu a bụ laser UV siri ike.
(4) Usoro ụlọ ọrụ mmepụta ihe
Ihe dị mkpa n'usoro ụlọ ọrụ a bụ iji ihe ndị e ji emepụta ihe ndị e ji emepụta semiconductor, ngwa ndị dị elu na ngwa mmepụta ndị yiri ya iji mepụta isi laser na ngwaọrụ optoelectronic, nke bụ isi ihe dị mkpa n'ụlọ ọrụ laser ma nwee oke ohere ịnweta. Ihe dị mkpa n'etiti usoro ụlọ ọrụ a bụ iji ihe ndị e ji emepụta laser na ngwaọrụ optoelectronic, modulu, ihe ndị e ji emepụta ihe, wdg. dị ka isi mmalite mgbapụta maka imepụta na ire ọtụtụ laser, gụnyere laser semiconductor kpọmkwem, laser carbon dioxide, laser siri ike, laser fiber, wdg.; ụlọ ọrụ ndị dị n'okpuru ala na-ezo aka na mpaghara ngwa nke laser dị iche iche, gụnyere ngwa nhazi ụlọ ọrụ, LIDAR, nkwukọrịta anya, ịma mma ahụike na ụlọ ọrụ ngwa ndị ọzọ.
①Ndị na-ebunye ihe elu
Ihe eji emepụta ihe dị n'elu ngwaahịa dịka semiconductor laser chips, ngwaọrụ na modulu bụ isi ihe dị iche iche dịka chips, ihe eriri na akụkụ igwe, gụnyere substrates, sink okpomọkụ, kemịkalụ na ebe obibi. Nhazi chips chọrọ ịdị mma na arụmọrụ dị elu nke ihe ndị dị n'elu, ọkachasị site n'aka ndị na-ebubata ihe si mba ọzọ, mana ọkwa nke ebe a na-eme ya na-abawanye nwayọ nwayọ, ma jiri nwayọ nweta njikwa onwe ya. Arụmọrụ nke ihe ndị dị n'elu na-emetụta kpọmkwem na ịdị mma nke chips semiconductor laser, yana mmezi na-aga n'ihu nke arụmọrụ nke ihe dị iche iche dị na chips, iji melite arụmọrụ nke ngwaahịa ụlọ ọrụ ahụ na-arụ ọrụ dị mma n'ịkwalite.
②Midstream ụlọ ọrụ yinye
Chip laser semiconductor bụ isi iyi ọkụ nke ụdị laser dị iche iche n'etiti usoro ụlọ ọrụ ahụ, ọ na-arụkwa ọrụ dị mma n'ịkwalite mmepe nke laser midstream. N'ọhịa nke laser midstream, United States, Germany na ụlọ ọrụ ndị ọzọ si mba ofesi na-achịkwa, mana mgbe mmepe ngwa ngwa nke ụlọ ọrụ laser dị n'ime afọ ndị na-adịbeghị anya gasịrị, ahịa etiti nke usoro ụlọ ọrụ ahụ enwetala mgbanwe ngwa ngwa n'ime ụlọ.
③Agbụ ụlọ ọrụ mmepụta ihe dị n'okpuru ala
Ụlọ ọrụ mmepụta ihe dị n'ala ala nwere ọrụ ka ukwuu n'ịkwalite mmepe nke ụlọ ọrụ mmepụta ihe, yabụ mmepe nke ụlọ ọrụ mmepụta ihe dị n'ala ala ga-emetụta oghere ahịa nke ụlọ ọrụ mmepụta ihe ahụ ozugbo. Mmụba na-aga n'ihu nke akụ na ụba China na mpụta nke ohere atụmatụ maka mgbanwe akụ na ụba emeela ka ọnọdụ mmepe ka mma maka mmepe nke ụlọ ọrụ mmepụta ihe a. China na-esi na mba mmepụta ihe gaa na ebe nrụpụta ihe, na ngwa laser na laser ndị dị n'ala ala bụ otu n'ime isi ihe ndị dị mkpa iji melite ụlọ ọrụ mmepụta ihe, nke na-enye ezigbo gburugburu ọchịchọ maka mmezi ogologo oge nke ụlọ ọrụ a. Ihe ndị ụlọ ọrụ mmepụta ihe dị n'ala ala chọrọ maka ndeksi arụmọrụ nke chips laser semiconductor na ngwaọrụ ha na-amụba, ụlọ ọrụ mmepụta ihe dị n'ime ụlọ na-abanyekwa n'ahịa laser ike dị elu site na ahịa laser ike dị ala, yabụ ụlọ ọrụ mmepụta ihe ga-anọgide na-abawanye itinye ego na ngalaba nyocha na mmepe teknụzụ na ihe ọhụrụ onwe onye.
2. ọnọdụ mmepe ụlọ ọrụ laser semiconductor
Laser semiconductor nwere arụmọrụ mgbanwe ike kachasị mma n'etiti ụdị laser niile, n'otu aka, enwere ike iji ha dị ka isi iyi mgbapụta nke laser eriri optical, laser siri ike na laser mgbapụta optical ndị ọzọ. N'aka nke ọzọ, site na mmụba na-aga n'ihu nke teknụzụ laser semiconductor n'ihe gbasara arụmọrụ ike, nchapụta, ndụ, ogologo wavelength, ọnụego mgbanwe, wdg, a na-ejikarị laser semiconductor eme ihe n'ọtụtụ ebe na nhazi ihe, ahụike, nkwukọrịta anya, mmetụta anya, nchekwa, wdg. Dịka Laser Focus World si kwuo, a na-eme atụmatụ na ngụkọta ego zuru ụwa ọnụ nke laser diode, ya bụ, laser semiconductor na lasers na-abụghị diode, ga-eru $18,480 nde na 2021, ebe laser semiconductor na-aza 43% nke ego niile.
Dịka Laser Focus World si kwuo, ahịa laser semiconductor zuru ụwa ọnụ ga-eru $6,724 nde na 2020, mmụba nke 14.20% site na afọ gara aga. Site na mmepe nke ọgụgụ isi zuru ụwa ọnụ, mmụba nke ọchịchọ maka laser na ngwaọrụ smart, ngwa eletrọniki ndị ahịa, ike ọhụrụ na mpaghara ndị ọzọ, yana mmụba na-aga n'ihu nke ọgwụ, akụrụngwa mma na ngwa ndị ọzọ na-apụta, enwere ike iji laser semiconductor dị ka isi iyi mgbapụta maka lasers mgbapụta anya, nha ahịa ya ga-anọgide na-enwe uto kwụsiri ike. Ọnụọgụ ahịa laser semiconductor zuru ụwa ọnụ nke 2021 ijeri $7.946, ọnụego uto ahịa nke 18.18%.
Site na mbọ ndị ọkachamara teknụzụ na ụlọ ọrụ na ndị ọkachamara na-arụ ọrụ na China jikọrọ aka, ụlọ ọrụ laser semiconductor nke China enwetala mmepe pụrụ iche, nke mere na ụlọ ọrụ laser semiconductor nke China enwetala usoro ahụ site na mmalite, yana mmalite nke ihe nlereanya nke ụlọ ọrụ laser semiconductor nke China. N'afọ ndị na-adịbeghị anya, China emeela ka mmepe nke ụlọ ọrụ laser dịkwuo elu, a na-etinyekwa mpaghara dị iche iche na nyocha sayensị, imeziwanye teknụzụ, mmepe ahịa na iwu ogige ụlọ ọrụ laser n'okpuru nduzi nke gọọmentị na mmekorita nke ụlọ ọrụ laser.
3. Usoro mmepe n'ọdịnihu nke ụlọ ọrụ laser nke China
Ma e jiri ya tụnyere mba ndị mepere emepe na Yuropu na mba Amerịka, teknụzụ laser nke mba Chaịna abịabeghị n'oge, mana n'iji teknụzụ laser na teknụzụ isi dị elu eme ihe, enwere nnukwu oghere, ọkachasị mgbawa laser semiconductor na ihe ndị ọzọ dị mkpa ka dabere na mbubata.
Mba ndị mepere emepe nke United States, Germany na Japan nọchitere anya ha emechaala mgbanwe nke teknụzụ mmepụta ọdịnala n'ọtụtụ nnukwu ụlọ ọrụ mmepụta ihe ma banye n'oge "mmepụta ọkụ"; ọ bụ ezie na mmepe nke ngwa laser na China dị ngwa ngwa, mana ọnụego ntinye ngwa ka dị obere. Dịka teknụzụ bụ isi nke nkwalite ụlọ ọrụ mmepụta ihe, ụlọ ọrụ laser ga-anọgide na-abụ akụkụ dị mkpa nke nkwado mba, ma nọgide na-agbasa oke ngwa, ma mechaa kwalite ụlọ ọrụ mmepụta ihe China ruo n'oge "mmepụta ọkụ". Site n'ọnọdụ mmepe ugbu a, mmepe nke ụlọ ọrụ laser nke China na-egosi usoro mmepe ndị a.
(1) Chip laser semiconductor na ihe ndị ọzọ dị mkpa na-eji nwayọọ nwayọọ na-achọpụta ebe ha dị
Were eriri laser dịka ọmụmaatụ, isi iyi nke eriri laser ike dị elu bụ isi ihe eji eme ihe na semiconductor laser, nnukwu ike semiconductor laser chip na modulu bụ akụkụ dị mkpa nke eriri laser. N'afọ ndị na-adịbeghị anya, ụlọ ọrụ laser fiber optic nke China nọ n'ọkwa uto ngwa ngwa, ọkwa nke ebe obibi na-amụba kwa afọ.
N'ihe gbasara ntinye ahịa, n'ahịa laser eriri nwere obere ike, òkè ahịa nke laser n'ime ụlọ ruru 99.01% na 2019; n'ahịa laser eriri nwere ike ọkara, a nọgidela na-enwe ọnụego ntinye nke laser n'ime ụlọ ihe karịrị 50% n'afọ ndị na-adịbeghị anya; usoro ntinye nke laser eriri nwere ike dị elu na-agakwa n'ihu nwayọ nwayọ, site na 2013 ruo 2019 iji nweta "site na mmalite". Usoro ntinye nke laser eriri nwere ike dị elu na-agakwa n'ihu nwayọ nwayọ, site na 2013 ruo 2019, ma erutela ọnụego ntinye nke 55.56%, a na-atụkwa anya na ọnụego ntinye nke laser eriri nwere ike dị elu ga-abụ 57.58% na 2020.
Agbanyeghị, ihe ndị dị mkpa dịka chips laser semiconductor nwere ike dị elu ka na-adabere na mbubata, a na-ejikwa nwayọọ nwayọọ na-emepụta ihe ndị dị n'elu laser nwere chips laser semiconductor dịka isi ya si dị, nke n'otu aka na-eme ka ahịa nke ihe ndị dị n'elu laser dị n'ime ụlọ ka mma, n'aka nke ọzọ, site na ịchọta ihe ndị dị n'elu, ọ nwere ike ime ka ikike nke ndị na-emepụta laser dị n'ime ụlọ dịkwuo mma isonye na asọmpi mba ụwa.
(2) Ngwa laser na-abanye ngwa ngwa ma gbasaa ngwa ngwa
Site na iji nwayọọ nwayọọ depụta ihe ndị dị n'elu optoelectronic na mbelata nke ọnụ ahịa ngwa laser, laser ga-abanye n'ime ọtụtụ ụlọ ọrụ.
N'otu aka, maka China, nhazi laser dabara na mpaghara iri kachasị elu nke ụlọ ọrụ mmepụta ihe na China, a na-atụkwa anya na a ga-agbasakwu mpaghara ntinye nke nhazi laser ma gbasaa ahịa n'ọdịnihu. N'aka nke ọzọ, site na mmụba na mmepe nke teknụzụ dịka enweghị ọkwọ ụgbọala, sistemụ ịkwọ ụgbọala enyere aka dị elu, robot nke na-elekwasị anya na ọrụ, mmetụta 3D, wdg, a ga-etinye ya n'ọtụtụ ngalaba dịka ụgbọala, ọgụgụ isi arụrụ arụ, ngwa eletrọnịkị ndị ahịa, njirimara ihu, nkwukọrịta anya na nyocha nchekwa mba. Dịka ngwaọrụ ma ọ bụ akụkụ nke ngwa laser dị n'elu, laser semiconductor ga-enwetakwa ohere mmepe ngwa ngwa.
(3) Ike dị elu, mma mma nke ìhè ka mma, ogologo ebili mmiri dị mkpụmkpụ na mmepe ntụziaka ugboro ugboro ngwa ngwa
N'ihe gbasara laser ụlọ ọrụ mmepụta ihe, laser eriri emeela nnukwu ọganihu n'ihe gbasara ike mmepụta, ịdị mma nke ìhè na ìhè kemgbe ewebatara ha. Agbanyeghị, ike dị elu nwere ike ime ka ọsọ nhazi dịkwuo mma, melite mma nhazi, ma gbasaa ubi nhazi gaa na mmepụta ụlọ ọrụ dị arọ, na mmepụta ụgbọ ala, mmepụta ụgbọelu, ike, nrụpụta igwe, igwe ígwè, owuwu ụgbọ okporo ígwè, nnyocha sayensị na mpaghara ndị ọzọ eji eme ihe na ịkpụ, ịgbado ọkụ, ọgwụgwọ elu, wdg, ihe achọrọ maka ike laser eriri na-aga n'ihu na-abawanye. Ndị na-emepụta ngwaọrụ kwekọrọ na ya kwesịrị ịnọgide na-emeziwanye arụmọrụ nke ngwaọrụ isi (dịka chip laser semiconductor dị elu na gain fiber), mmụba ike laser fiber chọkwara teknụzụ modulation laser dị elu dị ka njikọta beam na njikọ ike, nke ga-eweta ihe achọrọ ọhụrụ na ihe ịma aka nye ndị na-emepụta chip laser semiconductor dị elu. Na mgbakwunye, obere ogologo, ogologo ogologo karịa, mmepe laser ngwa ngwa (ultrafast) bụkwa ntụziaka dị mkpa, nke a na-ejikarị na chips sekit agbakwunyere, ngosipụta, eletrọniki ndị ahịa, ikuku na microprocessing ndị ọzọ ziri ezi, yana sayensị ndụ, ahụike, mmetụta na ubi ndị ọzọ, chip laser semiconductor na-etinyekwa ihe ọhụrụ achọrọ.
(4) maka ihe ndị dị na laser optoelectronic dị ike nke ukwuu maka uto ọzọ
Mmepe na mmepụta nke laser eriri ike dị elu bụ nsonaazụ nke ọganihu synergistic nke usoro ụlọ ọrụ ahụ, nke chọrọ nkwado nke ihe ndị bụ isi optoelectronic dị ka isi iyi mgbapụta, isolator, ihe na-eme ka ihe dị n'ime ya sie ike, wdg. Ihe ndị dị na optoelectronic eji na laser eriri ike dị elu bụ ntọala na ihe ndị dị mkpa nke mmepe na mmepụta ya, ahịa na-agbasa nke laser eriri ike dị elu na-akwalitekwa ọchịchọ ahịa maka ihe ndị bụ isi dị ka chips laser semiconductor ike dị elu. N'otu oge ahụ, site na mmezi na-aga n'ihu nke teknụzụ laser eriri ime ụlọ, nnọchi mbubata aghọọla ihe a na-apụghị izere ezere, òkè ahịa laser n'ụwa ga-anọgide na-aka mma, nke na-ewetakwa ohere dị ukwuu maka ike mpaghara nke ndị na-emepụta ihe ndị bụ isi optoelectronic.
Oge ozi: Maachị-07-2023
