Ngwa na nhazi laser

1. laser diski

Atụmatụ nke echiche nhazi Disk Laser doziri nsogbu mmetụta okpomọkụ nke laser siri ike nke ọma ma nweta njikọta zuru oke nke ike dị elu, ike dị elu, arụmọrụ dị elu, na ịdị mma nke laser siri ike. Laser diski aghọwo isi iyi ọkụ laser ọhụrụ a na-apụghị ịgbanwe agbanwe maka nhazi n'ọhịa nke ụgbọala, ụgbọ mmiri, ụgbọ okporo ígwè, ụgbọelu, ike na ubi ndị ọzọ. Teknụzụ laser diski ike dị elu ugbu a nwere ike kachasị nke kilowatts 16 na àgwà nke milliradian 8 mm, nke na-eme ka robot laser remote welding na nnukwu ụdị laser dị elu wedata, na-emepe ohere sara mbara maka laser siri ike n'ọhịa nkenhazi laser dị eluAhịa ngwa.

Uru nke laser diski:

1. Nhazi modular

Laser diski ahụ na-eji usoro modular eme ihe, enwere ike ịgbanwe modulu ọ bụla ngwa ngwa n'ebe ahụ. Sistemụ oyi na sistemụ nduzi ọkụ jikọtara ya na isi iyi laser, yana obere nhazi, obere akara ukwu na ntinye na nchọpụta ngwa ngwa.

2. Mma mara mma na ọkọlọtọ

Laser diski TRUMPF niile karịrị 2kW nwere ngwaahịa paramita beam (BPP) nke a na-ahazi na 8mm/mrad. Laser ahụ anaghị agbanwe agbanwe na mgbanwe na ọnọdụ ọrụ ma dakọtara na optics TRUMPF niile.

3. Ebe ọ bụ na nha ntụpọ dị na laser diski buru ibu, njupụta ike anya nke ihe ọ bụla na-ejide dị obere.

Oke mmebi nke mkpuchi ihe anya na-abụkarị ihe dị ka 500MW/cm2, oke mmebi nke quartz bụkwa 2-3GW/cm2. Oke ike dị na oghere resonant laser diski TRUMPF na-adịkarị obere karịa 0.5MW/cm2, oke ike dị na eriri njikọ ahụ erughị 30MW/cm2. Oke ike dị otú ahụ agaghị emebi ihe ndị dị na anya ma ọ gaghị emepụta mmetụta na-abụghị ahịrị, si otú a na-ahụ na a pụrụ ịtụkwasị obi na ọrụ.

4. Nabata usoro njikwa nzaghachi oge-oge ike laser.

Sistemụ njikwa nzaghachi oge a nwere ike ime ka ike ahụ ruo na T-piece kwụsie ike, nsonaazụ nhazi ahụ nwekwara ike imeghachi ya nke ọma. Oge ọkụ tupu laser diski ahụ fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ efu, oke ike a na-agbanwe agbanwe bụ 1%–100%. Ebe ọ bụ na laser diski ahụ na-edozi nsogbu nke mmetụta lenzi okpomọkụ kpamkpam, ike lenzi ahụ, nha ntụpọ, na akụkụ ọdịiche nke beam kwụsiri ike n'ime oke ike niile, ihu ebili mmiri nke beam ahụ anaghịkwa agbagọ agbagọ.

5. E nwere ike itinye eriri anya ahụ na plọgụ ma kpọọ ya ka laser ahụ na-aga n'ihu na-arụ ọrụ.

Mgbe eriri anya ụfọdụ dara ada, mgbe ị na-edochi eriri anya, naanị ihe ị ga-eme bụ imechi ụzọ anya nke eriri anya ahụ na-emechighị emechi, eriri anya ndị ọzọ nwekwara ike ịnọgide na-ewepụta ọkụ laser. Ọ dị mfe ịrụ ọrụ, jikọọ ma kpọọ, na-enweghị ngwaọrụ ọ bụla ma ọ bụ nhazi nhazi. E nwere ngwaọrụ na-egbochi uzuzu n'ọnụ ụzọ ámá iji gbochie uzuzu ịbanye na mpaghara akụkụ anya ahụ nke ọma.

6. Nchekwa ma bụrụ nke a pụrụ ịtụkwasị obi

N'oge nhazi ahụ, ọ bụrụgodị na mmịpụta nke ihe a na-ahazi dị oke elu nke na a na-egosipụta ìhè laser n'ime laser ahụ, ọ gaghị enwe mmetụta ọ bụla na laser ahụ n'onwe ya ma ọ bụ mmetụta nhazi ya, a gaghịkwa enwe mmachi na nhazi ihe ma ọ bụ ogologo eriri. E nyela nchekwa nke ọrụ laser asambodo nchekwa German.

7. Modulu diode mgbapụta dị mfe ma dịkwa ngwa ngwa

Usoro diode nke etinyere na modulu mgbapụta bụkwa nke e ji modul rụọ. Modulu diode array nwere ogologo ndụ ọrụ ma a na-akwado ya ruo afọ 3 ma ọ bụ awa 20,000. Achọghị oge nkwụsị ma ọ bụ nnọchi atụmatụ ma ọ bụ nnọchi ozugbo n'ihi ọdịda mberede. Mgbe modulu dara, sistemụ njikwa ga-eti mkpu ma na-eme ka ọkụ nke modulu ndị ọzọ dịkwuo elu nke ọma iji mee ka ike mmepụta laser na-adịgide. Onye ọrụ nwere ike ịnọgide na-arụ ọrụ ruo awa iri ma ọ bụ ọbụna ọtụtụ. Ịdochi modulu diode mgbapụta na ebe mmepụta dị nnọọ mfe ma ọ chọghị ọzụzụ onye ọrụ.

2.2Eriri laser

Dịka laser ndị ọzọ, e nwere akụkụ atọ mejupụtara eriri laser: eriri gain (eriri doped) nke nwere ike imepụta photons, oghere resonant optical nke na-enye ohere ka photons laghachi azụ ma gbasaa ụda olu na gain medium, na isi iyi mgbapụta nke na-akpali mgbanwe photon.

Atụmatụ: 1. Eriri anya nwere oke "ebe elu/olu" dị elu, mmetụta dị mma nke okpomọkụ, ma nwee ike ịrụ ọrụ mgbe niile na-enweghị mmanye oyi. 2. Dịka igwe nduzi ebili mmiri, eriri anya nwere obere dayameta isi ma na-enwekarị ike dị elu njupụta n'ime eriri ahụ. Ya mere, laser eriri nwere arụmọrụ mgbanwe dị elu, oke ala, uru dị elu, na obosara ahịrị dị warara, ma dị iche na eriri anya. Mfu njikọ dị obere. 3. N'ihi na eriri anya nwere ezigbo mgbanwe, laser eriri dị obere ma na-agbanwe agbanwe, obere nhazi, dị ọnụ ala, ma dị mfe itinye na sistemụ. 4. Eriri anya nwekwara ọtụtụ paramita na nhọrọ a na-agbanwe agbanwe, ma nwee ike nweta oke nhazi sara mbara, mgbasa na nkwụsi ike dị mma.

Nkewa eriri laser:

1. Laser eriri e ji ihe dị ụkọ mee

2. Ihe ndị dị n'ụwa dị ụkọ nke e tinyere n'ime eriri anya ndị toro eto ugbu a: erbium, neodymium, praseodymium, thulium, na ytterbium.

3. Nchịkọta nke eriri Raman scattering laser nke eriri kpaliri: Fiber laser bụ ihe na-agbanwe ogologo ebili mmiri, nke nwere ike ịgbanwe ogologo ebili mmiri mgbapụta ka ọ bụrụ ìhè nke ogologo ebili mmiri kpọmkwem ma wepụta ya n'ụdị laser. Site n'echiche anụ ahụ, ụkpụrụ nke imepụta mmụba ìhè bụ inye ihe na-arụ ọrụ ìhè nke ogologo ebili mmiri nke ọ nwere ike ịmịkọrọ, ka ihe na-arụ ọrụ wee nwee ike ịmịkọrọ ike nke ọma ma rụọ ọrụ. Ya mere, dabere na ihe doping, ogologo ebili mmiri kwekọrọ na ya dịkwa iche, na mgbapụta ahụ Ihe achọrọ maka ogologo ebili mmiri nke ìhè dịkwa iche.

2.3 Laser semiconductor

E mepụtara laser semiconductor nke ọma na 1962 ma nweta mmepụta na-aga n'ihu na okpomọkụ ụlọ na 1970. Mgbe e mesịrị, mgbe emechara nke ọma, e mepụtara laser heterojunction abụọ na diode laser nhazi stripe (diode laser), nke a na-ejikarị eme ihe na nkwukọrịta eriri optical, diski optical, igwe nbipụta laser, nyocha laser, na ihe ngosi laser (ihe ngosi laser). Ha bụ ugbu a laser kachasị emepụta. Uru nke diode laser bụ: arụmọrụ dị elu, obere nha, ibu dị mfe na ọnụ ala dị ala. Karịsịa, arụmọrụ nke ụdị olulu quantum dị iche iche bụ 20 ~ 40%, ụdị PN na-erukwa ọtụtụ 15% ~ 25%. Na nkenke, arụmọrụ ike dị elu bụ ihe kachasị ukwuu ya. Na mgbakwunye, ogologo oge mmepụta ya na-aga n'ihu na-ekpuchi oke site na infrared ruo na ìhè a na-ahụ anya, a na-erekwa ngwaahịa nwere mmepụta pulse optical ruo 50W (obosara pulse 100ns). Ọ bụ ihe atụ nke laser nke dị mfe iji dị ka isi iyi ọkụ lidar ma ọ bụ isi iyi ọkụ mkpali. Dịka ozizi ike nke ihe siri ike si dị, ọkwa ike nke elektrọn dị na ihe semiconductor na-etolite eriri ike. Ike dị elu bụ eriri conduction, otu ike dị ala bụ eriri valence, a na-ekewakwa eriri abụọ ahụ site na eriri amachibidoro. Mgbe njikọ electron-hole nke na-abụghị nha nhata batara na semiconductor na-ejikọta ọzọ, ike ewepụtara na-enwu n'ụdị luminescence, nke bụ ìhè recombination nke ndị na-ebu ya.

Uru nke laser semiconductor: obere nha, ibu dị mfe, ọrụ a pụrụ ịtụkwasị obi, obere oriri ike, arụmọrụ dị elu, wdg.

2.4Laser YAG

Laser YAG, ụdị laser, bụ matrix laser nwere njirimara zuru oke dị mma (optics, mechanics na thermal). Dịka laser siri ike ndị ọzọ, ihe ndị bụ isi nke laser YAG bụ ihe na-arụ ọrụ laser, isi iyi mgbapụta na oghere resonant. Agbanyeghị, n'ihi ụdị ion dị iche iche a na-arụ ọrụ na kristal ahụ, isi mmalite mgbapụta dị iche iche na ụzọ mgbapụta, usoro dị iche iche nke oghere resonant ejiri, na ngwaọrụ nhazi ọrụ ndị ọzọ ejiri, enwere ike kewaa laser YAG n'ọtụtụ ụdị. Dịka ọmụmaatụ, dịka usoro mmepụta si dị, enwere ike kewaa ya na laser YAG na-aga n'ihu, laser YAG ugboro ugboro na laser pulse, wdg.; dịka ogologo oge ọrụ si dị, enwere ike kewaa ya na laser YAG 1.06μm, laser YAG ugboro abụọ okpukpu abụọ, laser RAMAN YAG gbanwere ugboro na laser YAG a na-emegharị emegharị, wdg.; dịka doping si dị. Enwere ike kewaa ụdị laser dị iche iche na laser Nd:YAG, laser YAG ejiri Ho, Tm, Er, wdg.; dịka ọdịdị kristal si dị, a na-ekewa ha na laser YAG dị ka mkpanaka na nke dị ka slab; dịka ike mmepụta dị iche iche si dị, enwere ike kewaa ha n'ime ike dị elu na obere na ọkara. Laser YAG, wdg.

Igwe eji egbutu laser YAG siri ike na-agbasa, na-egosipụta ma na-elekwasị anya na pulsed laser breech na ogologo 1064nm, wee na-enwu ma na-ekpo ọkụ elu ihe ahụ. Okpomọkụ elu na-agbasa n'ime ime site na thermal conduction, a na-ejikwa obosara, ike, ike kachasị elu na ugboro ugboro nke laser pulse n'ụzọ dijitalụ. Ugboro na paramita ndị ọzọ nwere ike ịgbaze ozugbo, gbazee ma gbazee ihe ahụ, si otú a na-enweta ịkpụ, ịgbado ọkụ na igwu nke trajectories ekpebisiri ike site na sistemụ CNC.

Atụmatụ: Igwe a nwere ezigbo mma nke osisi, arụmọrụ dị elu, ọnụ ala dị ala, nkwụsi ike, nchekwa, nkenke karịa, na ntụkwasị obi dị elu. Ọ na-ejikọta ịkpụ, ịgbado ọkụ, igwu ala na ọrụ ndị ọzọ n'ime otu, na-eme ka ọ bụrụ ezigbo nkenke na ngwa nhazi dị irè. Ọsọ nhazi ngwa ngwa, arụmọrụ dị elu, uru akụ na ụba dị mma, obere obere oghere kwụ ọtọ, elu ịkpụ dị nro, oke omimi-ruo-dayameta na obere mgbanwe okpomọkụ akụkụ-ruo-obosara, enwere ike ịhazi ya na ihe dị iche iche dịka ihe siri ike, gbawara agbawa, na nro. Enweghị nsogbu nke iyi ngwaọrụ ma ọ bụ nnọchi na nhazi, enweghịkwa mgbanwe igwe. Ọ dị mfe ịghọta akpaaka. Ọ nwere ike ime nhazi n'okpuru ọnọdụ pụrụ iche. Arụmọrụ mgbapụta dị elu, ruo ihe dị ka 20%. Ka arụmọrụ na-abawanye, ibu okpomọkụ nke igwe laser na-ebelata, yabụ a na-eme ka osisi ahụ ka mma nke ukwuu. Ọ nwere ndụ dị ogologo, ntụkwasị obi dị elu, obere nha na ibu dị mfe, ma dabara adaba maka ngwa miniaturization.

Ngwa: Dabara adaba maka ịkpụ laser, ịgbado ọkụ na igwu ihe ígwè: dịka ígwè carbon, ígwè anaghị agba nchara, ígwè alloy, aluminom na alloys, ọla kọpa na alloys, titanium na alloys, nickel-molybdenum alloys na ihe ndị ọzọ. A na-ejikarị ya eme ihe n'ụgbọelu, ụgbọelu, ngwa agha, ụgbọ mmiri, petrochemical, ọgwụ, ngwa ọrụ, microelectronics, ụgbọala na ụlọ ọrụ ndị ọzọ. Ọ bụghị naanị na mma nhazi ka mma, kamakwa arụmọrụ ọrụ ka mma; na mgbakwunye, laser YAG nwekwara ike inye usoro nyocha ziri ezi na ngwa ngwa maka nyocha sayensị.

Ma e jiri ya tụnyere laser ndị ọzọ:

1. Laser YAG nwere ike ịrụ ọrụ ma n'ụdị mkpali ma n'ụdị na-aga n'ihu. Mmepụta pulse ya nwere ike nweta mkpụmkpụ pulses na ultra-short pulses site na teknụzụ Q-switching na mode-locking, si otú a na-eme ka nhazi ya buru ibu karịa nke laser CO2.

2. Ogologo ogologo ya bụ 1.06um, nke bụ kpọmkwem otu usoro nha dị obere karịa ogologo ogologo laser CO2 nke 10.06um, yabụ ọ nwere arụmọrụ njikọ dị elu na ígwè ma nwee arụmọrụ nhazi dị mma.

3. Laser YAG nwere obere nhazi, ibu dị mfe, ojiji dị mfe na nke a pụrụ ịtụkwasị obi, yana obere ihe achọrọ maka mmezi.

4. Enwere ike ijikọ laser YAG na eriri anya. Site n'enyemaka nke usoro nkewa oge na sistemụ multiplex nkewa ike, enwere ike ibufe otu ogwe laser ngwa ngwa gaa na ọtụtụ ebe ọrụ ma ọ bụ ebe ọrụ dịpụrụ adịpụ, nke na-eme ka mgbanwe nke nhazi laser dị mfe. Ya mere, mgbe ị na-ahọrọ laser, ị ga-atụle paramita dị iche iche na mkpa nke gị n'ezie. Naanị n'ụzọ a ka laser ahụ nwere ike ịrụ ọrụ kachasị mma. Laser Pulsed Nd:YAG nke Xinte Optoelectronics nyere dabara maka ngwa ụlọ ọrụ mmepụta ihe na sayensị. Laser Nd:YAG a pụrụ ịtụkwasị obi ma kwụsie ike na-enye mmepụta pulse ruo 1.5J na 1064nm yana ọnụego ugboro ugboro ruo 100Hz.